Deep-well fluid-actuated pump



Feb. 24, 1931. P. H. GRANGER DEEP WELL FLUID ACTUATED PUMP Filed Ray 24, 1930 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 &

INVENTOR Pau/ h. /zyer BY aad 4%(4 ATTORNEYS Feb. 24, 1931. P. H. GRANGER DEEP WELL FLUID ACTUATED PUMP w 7 40% /C w P 4 5 2 w u d 3 m w z .2 F w W I I I 1" RN L r! 2 5 ma a at. '24, 1931 PATENT OFFICE PAUL x. amen, or not mama, earn-01mm Jim-wan ILUID-ACTUATED rum Application medley 84, 1980. Serial 1W0. 455,221.

. This invention relates to a hydraulically operateddee well pump, wherein the motive 'ower may e transmitted to the fluid 11ft- 1ng plunger from a hydraulic piston at or 5, near the surface of the well hole. The present invention contemplates overcoming the disadvantages resultant from using a long sucker rod string which is subject to stretching and flexing with conse uent wear and lag of the stroke of the fluid ifting plunger in relation to the power strokes applied at the upper end of the string. In accordance with my invention, a closed hydraulic system is employed and the actuating fluid is oscillated. Since such actuating fluid lines are long and the passageway walls are of resilient metal whlch may have stretched making the passage an ex ansible chamber, I have also provided auxidary means to compensate for any such expansion due either to the expension of the actuatin fluid chamber elements or the actuating uid itself.

The present invention has for its objects the provision of an eflicient structure with the pump motor, and fluid lifting pump lnsertable and movable from the well hole as a unit and having any or all of the features before mentioned.

An embodiment of my invention is il1u strated in the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a section through a well h'ole w1th parts broken out to make the view compact and showing an installation of my structure partly in section; Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section on an enlarged scale of the pump operatin head; Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section throug the hydraulic motor assembly; Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section through the lifting pump assembly; Fig. 5 is a section as seen on the line 5-5 of Fig. 3; and F1 6 1s a section as seen on the line 66 of ig. 4.

Referring more particularly to Fig. 1 a well hole is shown lined with awell casing 10 such as commonly employed and consisting of sections coupled together by collars there being a shoe 11 adjacent the lower en having a tapered bore to form a seat for the oil and pump strin of tublng. This string is indicated genera 1y b 12 in Fig. 1.

short sucker rod string is indicated by 13 and is reciprocated by an engine 14 of an suitable type. Communicating with tiie oil string 12 and operated by the engine 14 is a compensating booster 15.

The oil strin comprises a line of inner tubing 16 and a line of outer tubing 17, both closed at the top by a head 18. However, the portion of the head above the inner tubin as vents 19. Pipe 20 is. connected to the hea 18 and serves for the discharge of oil or actuated fluid being pumped. A transfer head 21 is mounted in the oil and hydraulic string. This transfer head is divided with passages 22 and 23 which places the bore of the inner string in communication with the annular space between the outer and inner tubing. The arrangement is such that the annular space between tubings 16 and 17 above the transfer head is connected with the bore of the inner tubing 16 below the transfer head and the bore of the inner tubing 16 above the transfer head is connected to the annular space below the transfer head. A piston rod 25 is'connected to the sucker rod string 13 and has at its lower end a solid iston 26 disposed to coact with the inner tu ing and form an actuatin fluid pump.

Connecte to the upper end of the sucker rod string is an engine iston rod 27 havin a bore extending partia ly therethrough. standard 28 supports a cylinder 29 Within which is an engine piston 30 secured to the piston rod 27. On the upper head of the engine cylinder is a valve casing 31 housing a piston pilot valve 32. Secured to and depending from the piston valve 32 is a valve rod 33 having a head 34 disposed within the bore of the engine piston rod and arranged to be moved at the ends of the engine piston stroke. Connected to the valve casing 31 is a pipe line 35 for fluid under pressure and spaced therefrom is a pipe line 36 serving as an exhaust. Connected to the casing 31 longitudinally intermediate the pipes 35 and 36 is a pipe line 37 communicating with one end of a main valve casing 38 on the end cylinder. The bore of main casing 38 is reduced at one end as indicated by 39. Connected to the valve casing 38 adjacent the ends tare efliaust pipes 40 and 41. Intermediate the exhaust pipes is an intake pipe 42. A motive fluid port 43 connects-the ore of the main valve casing and one end of the engine cylinder through a series of openin s 43a arranged in a line and at an an to t e axisof the cylinder. A motive flui port 44 is disposed at the opposite end of the main valve casing and in communication with the 10 engine cylinder bore at the other end. Disfiptfor the valve stem 48 and the openings I 20 43a. At the lower end of the engine piston travel, the ilot valve stem 33 is engaged to move the pi ot valve32 to the position shown in Fig. 2. In this position the pressure fluid passes from pipe 35 through the valve to pipe 37 and thence acts .again stthe piston 45 to move the main piston to the position shown in Fig. 2. At the reverse or uppere'nd of the stroke, the pilot valve 32-is moved to the u per end of its valve. casing connecting pipe 37 with exhaust pipe 36. The motive u1d will enter themain valve casing 38 and act upon the piston 46 to move the latter to its upper position, thereby connectin port 44 w1th the exhaust and port 43 with t e intake. As the iston 30 a proaches the upper end of its stro c, it ra ually closes the openings 43a soas to c eck the travel of piston 30. Reciprocation of the sucker rod string is thus caused, and this causes reci rocation of the solid iston 26 in its barrel ormed by a portion 0 the string of tubing 16. An actuatin fluid is confined in the actuating fluid line elow piston 26 and will be oscillated by reciprocation of the" piston 26.

Referring to Figs. 4, 5, and 6, a barrel is secured to the lower end of the outer strin of tubing 17. This barrel is marked 49 an has an intermediate head 50 rovided with a suitable packing to permit t e reciprocation of a hollow piston rod. The upper end of barrel 49 constitutes a motor cylinder and the lower end of the barrel a lifting fluid pump. The upper end of the barrel 49 is provided with a threaded boss 51 to which the tubing string is connected. Thus,- the lower portion of the bore of fluid string 16 connects directly with the bore of, barrel 49. At the side of the barrel 49 is a longitudinally extending enlargement having a passageway 52 communi-.

eating with the bore of the motor cylinder above head 50. The lower portion of barrel 49 has a shoe formed thereon and marked 53.-

This shoe is ta ered and 'ada ted to seat in seat 11.. A va ve port exten s through the shoe for placing the lower portion of the casin 10in communication with the bore of the li ing in are t e elements of a standing valve marked generally by 54.; A lifting pump piston 55 is mounted. to be reciprocated in the lifting pump cylinder and has a valve portion over which is mounted a hollow piston rod .56 connected to the motor piston 57 mounted for reciprocation in the motor cylinder. Thus, the pistons are floated in the barrel 49, the piston being a valve piston and the motor piston being a solid iston. An actuated fluid, preferably a liquid is confined in the tubin 16 between the actuating fluid piston 26, tie transfer head, the passage 23, the annular space between the outer tubin 17 and the inner tubing 16 below the trans er head, assage 52 andthe motor cylpump cylinder and mounted therei inder of the va ve 49 between the motor piston 57 and the head 50. Upon reciprocation of the piston 26, the column of actuated fluid will be oscillated and the motor piston 57 reciprocated in correspondence with the piston 26. This causes the lifting fluid iston 55 to be reciprocated and results in 1fting of the actuated fluid, it passing through the hollow piston rod 56 mto the space of the motor cylinder above the motor piston 57, thence upwardly through the inner tubing 16 to the transfer head 21 and by way of pas- 22 to the annular space between the outer and this gas would ex and and contract. In I order to counteract t is expansion and contraction effect, I have rovided a compensating booster to follow t e actuated pump piston or lifting piston on its down stroke and to thus maintainconstant the volume of the column of fluid against the tendency to expand on the downstroke both due to its own elastic qualities and that of the tubing in which it is confined. To this end, I have pro vided adjacent the engine a compensator cylinder 58 communicating at one end with the discharge pipe 20. In the cylinder 58 isa solid piston 59. The piston rod of the compensator piston 59 is connected by a linkage indicated generally b 60 to the engine piston rod 27. The linkage 1s such that on the down stroke of the engine piston, there will be an in stroke of the piston 59. The amount of displacement of the compensator iston should be designed in accordance wit the elastic characteristics of the fluid being lifted and also the elasticity of. the tubing. Al: though in the present instance, I have shown the compensating piston followin the actuating fluid piston, to have an efiectlve inverse stroke, it will be understood that if'there is a lag of the fluid being lifted as compared a up with the actuating fluid piston, suitable linkage may be provided so that the compensating piston follows the liftin fluid, in its descent. The discharge of li ting fluid will be on the up stroke and on the down stroke the discharge line should be closed: To this end, I have incorporated in the compensator a valve casing 61; and a valve 62 connected to valve stem 48 to control a discharge port 63 which communicates with the ultimate discharge line 64. Thusfthe-discharge line will be openon the lifting stroke and closed ing a string having low said piston and the inner fluid line said motor cylinder below below said transfer devicein communication with the outer fluid line above said transfer device; a pump cylinder forming a continuation of the outer tubing and in communication with the lower part of the inner ,tub; ing, an actuated fluid pump cylinder below sald motor cylinder, a valved pump piston in said actuated fluid pump cylinder, a motor c linder in said strin a motor piston in said motor cylinder, a ollow piston rod connecting said actuated pump piston and said motor iston,'the outer fluid line below said trans er device, communicating with the motor piston. 2. A deep well pumpingidevice comprising an outer tubing and an inner tubing nested therein'to provide fluid lines, said inner tubing including an actuating pump cylinder, a solid piston in said actuating pump cylinder, means to reciprocate said solid piston, a transfer head in said tubing havingsipassages placing the outer fluid line below said transfer head in communication with the inner fluid line below said pistonv and the inner fluid line below said transfer head in communication with theouter fluidline above'said transfer head; a pump and motor cylinder forming a continuation of the outer tubing and in communication with the lower part of the inner tubing, said pump and motor cylinder being divided by an intermediate head into an actuated fluid pump cylinder and .a motor cylinder, a

valved pump piston in said actuated fluid pump cylinder, a motorpis'ton insaid motor cylinder, a hollow piston rod connecting said actuated pump piston and said motor piston,

therein to provide fluid the outer fluid line below said transfer head communicating with said motor cylinder be low the motor piston.

3. A deep well pumping device com rising an outer tubing and an inner tuiing nested therein to provide fluid lines, said inner tubing including an actuating pump cylinder, a solidpis'ton in said actuating pump cylinder, a sucker rdd line connected.

to said solid piston, a transfer head extending across both tubing below said solid piston having passages placing the outer fluid line below said' transfer head in cominunica- 7 tion with the lnner fluid line below said plston and the inner fluid line below said transfer head in communication with the outer fluid line above said transfer head; a pump and motor cylinder forming a continuation .of

the outer tubing and in communication with the lower-part of the inner tubing, said pump and motor cylinder being divided by an intermediate head into an, actuated fluid pump cylinder and a motor cylinder, a valved pump piston in said actuated fluid pump cylinder, a motor piston floating in said motor cylinder, a hollow piston rod connecting said actuated pump piston and said motor piston, the outer fluid line below said transfer head communicating with said motor cylinder below the motor piston.

4. A deep well pumping unit for insertion'in a-'we1l casing having a shoe com rising an outer tubing and an inner tu ing nested thereinto provide fluid lines, said inner tubing including an actuating pump cylinder, a solid piston in said actuating pump cylinder; means to reciprocate said solid piston, a transfer head in said tubing having passages lacing the outer fluid line below said trans er head in communication with the inner fluid line below said piston and the inner fluid line below said transfer head in communication with the outer fluid line above said transfer head; a pumpand motor cylinder forming a continuation of the outer tubing and in communication with end of. said outer tubing having a seat for seating in said shoe, said pump and motor cylinder being divided by an intermediate head into an actuated fluid pump cylinder and a motor cylinder, a valved pump piston in said actuated fluid pump cylinder, a motor piston in said motor cylinder, a hollow piston rod connecting said actuated pump piston and said motor piston, the outer fluid the lower part of the inner tubing, the lower line below saidtransfer head communicating I with said motor cylinder below the motor piston. r

5.A" deep 'well pumping device comprising an outer tubing and an inner tubing nested therein tdtprovide an actuating fluid line and a flow line, said inner tubing including an actuating pump cylinder, a solid piston in said 'actuatingpump cylinder, means to reciprocate said solid piston andoscillate theactuating fluid, a transfer head in said tubing having passages placing the outerfluidline below said-transfer head-in communicationwith the inner fluid line below, said piston and the inner fluid line below said transfer head in communication with the outer. fluid line above said transfer head; a pump and motor cylinder forming a continuation of the outer tubing and in communication with the lower part of the flowline provided by inner tubing,

said pump and motor cylinder being divided by an intermediate head into an actuated fluid pump cylinder and a motor cylinder, at

valved pump piston in said actuated fluid pump cylinder, a motor piston in said motor cylinder, a hollow piston rod connecting said actuated pump piston and said motor piston,

the outer fluid line below said transfer head communicating withsaid motor cylinder below the motor piston; and compensating means in said flow line to boost-the descent of actuating fluid.

6. A deep well pumping device comprising an outer tubing and :in inner tubing nested therein to provide an actuating fluid line and a flow line,rsaid inner tubing including slow said pistoniand the inner fluid line below an actuating pump cylinder, a solid piston in said actuating pump cylinder, asucker rod line connected to said solid piston, a trans fer head extending across both tubing below said solid piston havingpassages placing'the outer fluid line below said transfer head in communication with the inner fluid line hesaid transfer head in communication with the 'outer fluidline above said transfer head; a pump and motor cylinder forming a continuation of the outer tubing and in communication with the lower part of the flow line provided by inner tubing, said pump and motor cylinder being divided by an intermediate head into an actuated fluid pump cylinder and a motor cylinderra valved pump piston in said actuated fluid pump cylinder, a

motor piston floating in said motor cylinder a hollow piston rod connectin said actuatcc pump piston and said motor piston; the outer fluid line below said transfer head communicating with said motor cylinder below the in communication with the inner fluid line of the actuating fluid.

below said piston and the inner fluid line 'be low said, transfer device in communication with the outer fluid line above said transfer device; an actuated pump cylinder forming a continuation of the outer tubingand in,

art of the said string, a motor piston in said motor cylpump piston in said actu- 1 inder, a hollow piston rod connecting said actuated pump piston and said motor piston,

the outer fluid line below said transfer device a communicating with said motor cylinder below the motor piston; a reciprocating expausible chamber connected in said flow line,

means connectingsaid operating head and said expansible chamber pump-to expand the chamber of said expansible pump on descent 8. A-deep well pu ping device comprising an outer tubi'ng an an inner tubing nested therein to provide an actuating fluid line and a flow line, said inner tubing including an actuating pump cylinder, a solid piston in said actuating pump cylinder, an operating head for reciprocating said solid piston and oscillating an actuating fluid, a transfer head in said tubing having passages placing the outer fluid line below said transfer head in communication with the inner fluid line below said piston and the inner fluid line below said transfer head in communication with the outer fluid line above said transfer head; a pump and motor cylinder forming a continuation of the outer tubing and in communication with the lower part of the flow line provided by'the inner tubing, said pump and motor cylinder being divided by an intermediate head into an actuatedfluid pump cylinder and a motor cylinder,a valved, pump piston in said actuated fluid pump cylinder, a

motor piston in said motor cylinder, a hollow piston rod connecting said actuated pump pistonand said motor piston, the outer fluid line below said transfer head communicating with said motor cylinder below the motor piston; a reciprocating expansible chamber connected in said flow line, and means con-- necting said operating head and said expansible chamber pump to expand the chamber of said expansible pump on descent of said actuating fluid.

9. A deep well pumping device comprising an outer tubing and winner tubing nested therein to provide an actuating fluidline and a flow line, said inner tubing including an actuating pump cylinder, a solid'piston in said actuating pump cylinder, an operating head having a sucker rod line connected to said solid piston, a transfer head extending across both tubing below said solid piston having passages placing the outer fluid line below said transfer head in communication weaves with the inner fluid line below said piston and the inner fluid line below said transfer head in communication with the outer fluid line above said transfer head; a pump and motor cylinder forming a continuation of the outer tubing and in communication with the lower part of the inner tubing, said pump and motor cylinder being divided by an intermediate head into an actuated fluid pump cylinder and a motor cylinder, a valved pump piston in said actuated fluid pump cylinder, a motor piston floating in sand motor cylinder, a hollow piston rod connecting said actuated pump piston and said motor piston, the outer fluid line below said transfer head communicating with said motor cylinder below the motor piston; a reciprocating expansible chamber connected in said flow line, means connecting said operating head and-expansible chamber pump to expand the chamber of said expansible pump on descent of the actuating fluid.

10. A deep well pumping device comprising a string having an outer tubing and an inner tubin nested therein to provide an actuated fluid line and a flow'line, said inner tubing including an actuating pump cylinder, a solid piston in said actuatmg pump cylinder, an operating head to reciprocate said solid pis-v ton; an actuated fluid pump cylinder forming a continuation of the outer tubing and in com-- munication with the flow line, a motor cylinder in said string having its upper end communicating with said flow line, a valved pump piston in the actuated fluid pum cylinder, a motor piston in said motor cylin er, a hollow piston rod connecting said actuated pump piston and said motor piston, the actuated fluid line communicating with said motor cylinder below the motor piston; and compensatin means in said actuated fluid line connected to said operating head to boost the descent of actuating fluid.

11. A deep well pumping device com rising a string having an outer tubing an an inner tubin nested therein. to 'provide an actuated flu1d line and a flow line; saidinner tubing including an actuating pump cylinder, a solid piston in said actuating ump cylinder, means to reciprocate said so id piston, a

pump and motor cylinder forming a continuation of the outer tubing and in communication at its upper end with the lower part of I the flow line, said pump and motor cylinder being divided by an intermediate head into an actuated fluid pump cylinder and a motor cylinder, a valved pump piston in said actuated fluid pump cylinder, a motor piston in said motor cylinder, a hollow piston rod connecting said actuated pump piston and said motor piston, the actuated fluid line communieating with said motor cylinder below the motor piston.

12. A deep well pumping device comprismg a string having an outer tubing and an inner tubin nestedtherein to provide an actuated flu1d line and a flow line, said inner tubing including an actuating, pump cylinder, a solid piston in said actuating pump cylindcr, an operating head to reciprocate said solid piston; an actuated fluid pump cylinder forming a continuation of the outer tubing and in communication with the lower part of the flow line, a valved pump piston in said actuated fluid pump cylinder, a motor cylinder in said string, a motor pistonin said motor cylinder, a hollow piston rod connecting said actuated pump piston and said motor piston, the actuated fluid line communicating with said motor cylinder below the motor piston; and an expansible chamber pumpin said flow line connected to said head to boost the descent of actuating fluid.

13. A deep well pumping device comprising a string having an outer tubing and an inner tubin nested therein to provide an actuated'fluid line and a flow line, said inner tubing including an actuating pump cylinder, a solid piston in'said actuating pump cylinder, an operating head toreciprocate said solid piston; an actuated fluid pump cylinder forming a continuation of the outer tubing and in communication with the lower art of the flow line, a valved pump piston in said actuated fluid pump cylmder, a motor cylinder in said string, a motor piston in said motor cylinder, a hollow piston rod connecting said actuated pump piston and said motor piston, the actuated fluid line com- May, 1930.

- PAUL H. GRANGER. 

